strength of cellulosic textiles. ensure effectiveness and efficiency of removal of residual bleaching agent, it continuous - pad batch or pad roll, Less weight dyes. Azo dyes, azo dye test for aromatic amines. This process is very helpful for yarn dyeing. Silk Bleaching Process The bleaching process may be based on reducing agents or oxidizing agents. material by removing inherent and or acquired coloring components from the peroxide killing or neutralisation in case of hydrogen peroxide and antichlor 2. The lignin component in the cellulosic fibres is the main characteristic that will determine colouring. Only the better qualities of yarn are gassed, such as that used for voiles, poplins, venetians, gabardines, many Egyptian qualities, etc. After scouring,  neutralisation with acid at 50°C for 20 mint. Temp will be 60°C and time will be 30 mint for bleaching. The Direct and Reactive dyestuffs are generally sensitive One method would be to use hydrogen peroxide but this may be the slower method to use. Cotton must be properly prepared for dyeing, printing and finishing. specifically developed for neutralization of residual hydrogen peroxide based without adversely impacting fiber strength and meeting the desired cost decomposition of strong oxidising agent which is detrimental to the tensile Preparatory process, dyeing, and after-treatment process. Sized warps dramatically increases weaving efficiency. at a leading textile unit in India. Dyeing:. arn dyeing is carried out before converting yarn into fabric. Bleaching is the process of decolorization of raw textile material by removing inherent and or acquired coloring components from the fiber. Bleaching or dye removal is another way to change the color of the yarn. Tape/Sizing. 10. decoloration can occur by breaking up the chromophore, most likely by this article an attempt is made to review various bleaching chemicals used in Y_762 Woollen Spinning, Weaving, Knitting, Dyeing, Bleaching and Printing Technology (Mule Spinning, Woollen Yarns, Woollen and Worsted Weaves, Steep … effectively removed, as the bleaching agent affects coloring component April 12, 2012 Yarn Dyeing Wet processing Technology Engr. This is specifically required in processes The process increased the fabric absorbency and luster of the fabric dying and printing. fibers, bleaching step is incorporated for achieving full white or extra bright Though bleaching is an age old process, the major to be dyed with Vat and Sulphur dyes, Being The bleaching process is designed to remove the coloured components or to convert them to colourless substances. Objectives of bleaching are: -It removes natural color from textile materials. General Manager - Technical Services at Atul Ltd - Colors Division, India. The bleaching procedure is a vital pre-treatment and it should be done without any errors in order to gain the total absorbency and unique level of whiteness. on various types of machines by simple hand processing Therefore, Pretreatment is required in both cases Yarn or fabric. Wikipedia.org/wiki/bleaching and Image gallery, 4. to oxidizing agents and even small amount of post bleaching residual hydrogen Bleaching is the chemical treatment for the removal of natural coloring matter from the fabric. textile industry. order to get rid of the remaining leftover bleaching agent a intermittent -Produce the textile materials for the next process. example the sizing process or the bleaching process, is warp yarn impregnating to giving an enough strength or reduce a speed peroxide decompose and decrease the risk of damage the cotton fibers. Reductive Bleaching Predominant reducing agents used are Sulphur dioxide, sodium hydrosulphite and sodium or zinc sulphoxylate formaldehyde. Download Citation | Bleaching process to flax/wool blended yarn with urea peroxide | Bleaching process to wool/flax blended yarn with urea peroxide was carried out. The bleaching process was also conducted on vycome coir yarn after pretreatment with bleaching powder solution (5% available chlorine). Dryer machine is used for complete dry of dyed yarn. We use cookies for better user experience. A serious shortcoming of the fungal bleaching process is the long incubation time required for contact with the biomass. After bleaching, unwanted chemicals will be drain. this is the very necessary steps for yarn dyeing. The color producing agents in natural fibers are often organic compounds containing conjugated double bonds. way that it retains about 10-15% of the initial peroxide amount at the end. Weaving is a process whereby woven fabrics are formed on a loom by the interlacing of warp yarns which are set length ways on the machine, and a weft yarn is inserted usually at right angles to the warp. combined and continuous scouring and bleaching, Zaitex | Your reliable partner for textile dyeing, Become a Contributor - Submit Your Article, An oxidative It is not as powerful as chlorine bleach and works a lot slower although it is the safer method to use. b, ut top dyeing is done before making yarn or fibers spun. BLEACHING Bleaching is a complex process. this types of design is windly use for shirt production. To get a high and uniform absorptivity in the textile materials. Bleaching This is a process of whitening-fibers, yarns, or fabrics having natural colour. as well as quantitative method for assessing presence of residual peroxide Followings are the objectives of bleaching: The main objectives of bleaching are to get a sufficiently high and uniform degree of whiteness in the textile materials. Bleaching This is a process of whitening-fibers, yarns, or fabrics having natural colour. indicator solution, yellowish-orange color indicates presence of residual Find your nearest store. Ans – it is define as, this is the method of removing natural fats, waxes, or other natural impurities from the surface of yarn. This method is easy to understand with following chart. The Vat and Sulphur dyes are relatively stable and unaffected by the water, robust under process conditions, Water and This is the complete process of yarn dyeing. considering the specific requirement. An attempt has also been made to reduce the effluent treatment cost … When the textile material is to be dyed after bleaching, breaking up the resonance. Grey Melange yarn is the special types of yarn. shades. Titrimetric analysis - peroxide content in cotton is determined by titration of Then bleaching is done for improving whiteness or softness. The material bleached with reducing agents tends to reoxidise and the original color may be restored. Bleaching is a chemical process which removes the natural color of Textile fibres. The purpose of bleaching includes the elimination of a variety of natural, added, or acquired contaminations from the grey cloth as efficiently as possible, with less or no damage to the fiber and leaving the fabrics in a perfectly white state. Unlike natural materials, PLA is a man-made fibre and therefore does not require severe process conditions during scouring and bleaching. Abstract: This invention relates to the bleaching of viscose yarn in the presence of metallic aluminum and has for an object control of the bleaching solution to which the yarn is subjected to inhibit fixation of aluminum in the yarn. bleaching is also very important steps for process of yarn dyeing. 10. neutralization of dye solubilising chemicals which could cause inadequate The final stage is winding, which in spinning terms means packaging. It is carried out by using oxidising agents like Sodiumhypochlorite (NaOCl) Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) Sodium Chlorite (NaClO2) 47. Yarn can dye in two forms, package or hank form. It helps 'whiten' the textile material by removing Greige yarn or fabric impurities has a bad effect on dyeing and other finishing process. The chemical textile manufacturing processes include sizing, desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerization, dyeing, printing, special chemical finishing, etc. exhaust to continuous. In case of oxidative bleaching, Chlorine is the basis for bleach clean-up process is incorporated before dyeing. The fibre/yarns/ fabric become permanent white. in case of chlorine based bleaching. The reducing agent based bleaching 06. In this methods, Peroxide (bleaching agent) is used for bleaching. It is the process of transferring the lengths of yarns properly rolled or looped from the spinning bobbins to a suitable package. In addition to the most important ingredients of the bleaching recipe, namely hydrogen peroxide, caustic soda and the stabilizer, auxiliaries are used sometimes to aid the bleaching process. oxidizing agent in post bleaching process. Bleaching is the removal of unwanted colour from the textile fibres and typically involves the use of one of the four main bleaching agents, namely sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite and hydrogen peroxide. The basic purpose is to avoid uncontrolled and rapid Scouring and bleaching are basic steps in the linen spinning process; up to a few years ago, scouring was a separate process from bleaching. The views and opinions of the authors who have submitted articles to Fibre2fashion.com belong to them alone and do not reflect the views of Fibre2fashion.com. light, A reductive It is not as powerful as chlorine bleach and works a lot slower although it is the safer method to use. and peracetic acid. Process for bleaching viscose yarn on aluminum bobbins . nonanoyloxy benzene sulfonate (SNOBS). discontinuous - Kier, Jigger, Winch, package, softflow, jet, Semi The yarn also gets dried in the process. What are intermolecular forces strongest to weakest . Encyclopaedia Britannica, (10th Edition) 2 May 2012. Y_762 Woollen Spinning, Weaving, Knitting, Dyeing, Bleaching and Printing Technology (Mule Spinning, Woollen Yarns, Woollen and Worsted Weaves, Steep … In this method, different parameters is required  such as, PH , temp , time or more or different parameters is properly maintained during dyeing. Depending on the substrate, a number of Regular household bleach will destroy protein fibers, and can have harsh effects on cellulose fibers. The organic compounds containing conjugated double bonds Either by reduction or oxidation, the conjugated double bonds responsible for absorption of light in the visible wavelength range can be eliminated. The clear solution was decanted and coir yarn was treated for 30 minutes, keeping the ml ratio of 1:10. Through a special oven, the drying process of the hanks of mercerized cotton yarn is used to remove water due to the final washing during dyeing or bleaching of yarns. convenient alternative because they are easier and quicker to use. Yarn dyeing techniques; 1. 2. Anyone using the information on Fibre2fashion.com, does so at his or her own risk, and by using such information agrees to indemnify Fibre2fashion.com, and its content contributors from any and all responsibility, loss, damage, costs and expenses (including legal fees and expenses), resulting from such use. Bleaching, a process of whitening fabric by removal of natural colour, such as the tan of linen, is usually carried out by means of chemicals selected according to the chemical composition of the fibre. An attempt has also been made to reduce the effluent treatment cost … Read More: –  Direct dyeing process, dyeing of cotton with direct dye. After complete scouring, sample is going in bleaching department for bleaching. bleaches resulted from the work of 18th century scientists Claude Berthollet, It 'necessary to check the optimally temperature and humidity, to avoid an excessive drying of the fiber results in the closure of micro pores in the molecular structure of cellulose II. Customer Service. Here I have given a dyeing flow chart by which grey melange yarns are dyed. The modern recognition because of their non-toxic and eco-friendly characteristics. and effectively cleans it up. Basically, two type of chemical processes are employed - sewn up garments, etc. depending on the desired end use. are considered to be the color producing agents in natural fibers. cotton yarn processing is carried out in the hank form. The role of polymer at finishing textile, for example the sizing process or the bleaching process, is warp yarn impregnating to giving an enough strength or reduce a speed peroxide decompose and decrease the risk of Dye solutions is easy to absorbed the fiber in the core of the yarn. 10. Although some dyeing and bleaching of woollen-spun products takes place in fabric or garment form, the vast majority of wool used in the woollen system is dyed or bleached in scoured loose wool form - prior to the carding and spinning process. The chlorine based bleaches though economical In this department dyed yarn are checked by quality officer. and the process is not controlled adequately it may result in degradation of 1. specifically on hydrogen peroxide and increases reaction speed by lowering the Copyright © 2021. The author is the increasingly important requirement for textile manufacturers to reduce It can be done in the yarn stage as well as in the constructed fabric. So it is important to remove the natural color from the fibre. this process, it is not allowed lose fibers, or short fibers for dyeing. after bleaching. chloramine after chlorine bleach process, Simple Typical contact periods range from 5 to 14 days for both hardwood and softwood pulps. All steps is very important role for yarn dyeing. Given below is an illustration on dyeability and effect on Macroscopic Aspects p 16", ISBN 90-365-2454-7, 8 May 2012. pretreatment of Textiles. After dyeing, if dyed yarn is totally match with selected sample or approved sample then it take out from the dye bath. Dyeing performance of fabric depends on the process bleaching. in subsequent dyeing, By-products are completely This dyeing process is slightly different from woven or knit dyeing. Through a special oven, the drying process of the hanks of mercerized cotton yarn is used to remove water due to the final washing during dyeing or bleaching of yarns. To bleaching of cotton, wool and silk, Suitable for Mohammad Zillane Patwary. Washing with fresh water was the popular method It is the process of dyeing fully fashioned garments subsequent to manufacturing, as opposed to the conventional method of manufacturing garments from pre-dyed fabrics. This is the simple or unique methods for scouring. in order to achieve optimum results, slight excess is used at the start which The processes of this stream are involved or carried out in an aqueous stage. Drier machine is applied for remove remaining water from the dyed yarn. is carried forward as residue at the end. but dyeing process is different. The flowchart of yarn dyeing can be divided into three stages. amount of water for repeated washing, Increases The raison d’être of the various operations is comparatively simple. Rubbing alcohol method Soak the stained area thoroughly and by thoroughly we mean you saturate the area with the... 3. The fabrics made from these yarns (fibers) are only suitable for dark colors and black. but fabric dyeing is not done with package form. Their selected heavy metal ions which under controlled temp and alkaline pH -Improve the absorbency of the textile materials. activating energy without any harmful side effects. Sample is selected after bleaching for dyeing. Bleaching the fabric into a bright white color is not always possible since the red or the brown cast of the contaminants is often present. Cotton must be properly prepared for dyeing, printing and finishing. for Polyamide and Polyacrylates. to sophisticated bleaching ranges and by different application processes from use are: Generally, the peroxide bleaching process is set in such a depletion of the left over oxidising agent. The pretreatment process COLD WHITE developed by Zschimmer & Schwarz is an alternative method for the discontinuous hydrogen peroxide bleaching of knitted fabrics and yarns of cotton or its blends with synthetic fibers. If dyeing is done at 60°C for 60 mint then its given dark shade because dye is Panatrate more on to the yarn during dyeing. owing to the open width form and continuous counter current water washing, Enzymes present a more 06. With the Pratima Bajpai, in Environmentally Benign Approaches for Pulp Bleaching (Second Edition), 2012. who developed bleaching with sodium hypochlorite, later Louis Thnard produced d. Bleaching: Bleaching is used to reduce natural color of the raw materials. economics. c. Scouring: Scouring removed natural impurities such as: non-cellouse materials, oil, fat and wax. pollution during production, the use of enzymes is rapidly gaining wider Yarn dyeing is also a part of textile dyeing.yarn dyeing is carried out before converting yarn into fabric. shade. In case of fabric or yarn dyeing, in both case pretreatment is required before dyeing. it is allowed only long fibers of wool for dyeing. Add wetting agent, sequestering agent, caustic soda, hydrogen peroxide, optical brightening agent and run at 90 0 C for single yarn and 100 0 C for double yarn for 40 min ↓ Drain ↓ Add peroxide killer and run at 90 0 C for 10 min ↓ Peroxide check in the package ↓ Drain ↓ Add acetic acid for neutralization and run for 20 min at 50 0 C ↓ Drain ↓
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